The easiest way to avoid a bad towing decision is to keep four different numbers separate: GVWR, empty trailer weight, payload and actual loaded weight.
GVWR
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating is the manufacturer’s maximum rated weight for the trailer when loaded.
Empty trailer weight
This is what the trailer itself weighs before the vehicle or cargo is loaded. Verify the actual rating/weight information for the specific unit.
Payload
In simple terms, payload is the portion of the trailer’s rated capacity available for cargo after accounting for the trailer itself and applicable equipment. Do not assume payload equals GVWR.
Actual loaded weight
The real combination needs to stay within the ratings of the trailer, axles, tires, tow vehicle and hitch system.
This guide is general educational information, not a substitute for the tow vehicle/trailer manufacturer instructions or applicable law.